Floor or roof joist construction



Nov. 21, 1933. H. F. YOUNG FLOOR 0R ROOF JOIST CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug.4, 1930 4' Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY- Nov. 21, 1933.

H. F. YOUNG FLOOR OR ROOF JOIST CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheet S-Sheet 2 FiledAug. 4, 1950 [N VENTOR 1701mm 2 Yam 6 ATTORNEYS I New. 21, 1933 YQUNG1,936,147

FLOOR OR ROOF JOIST CONSTRUCTION I Filed Aug. 4, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 3BOY @Wrc" A TTORN'E yr' NW. 21,1933, 'H. F. YOUNG FLOOR OR ROOF JOISTCONSTRUCTION V4 shets-s 4 Filed Aug. 4, 1930 T0RN iatented Nov. 2t, 1933onireo STATES- PATENT oer-use one- Mich.

to Leonie S. Young, Kalamazoo,

Application August 4, 1930. Serial No. 472,828

5 Claims. (01. 72-10) The objects of this invention are: Fhst, toprovide an the concrete of the floor or root 5 reinforcement to insure apositive bond between the joists and slab and provide the necessaryhorizontal shear resistance so as to utilize the concrete slalo forcompression stresses and to incorporate the floor or roof slab withthesaid joinst to iorrn a composite steel and concrete T-beam support ofsuperior strength and rigidity. Second, to provide an improvedconstruction of T-heam with bonding and shearresisting prongs in theupper chord or flange. 3155 Third, to provide a similar construction inbar joists either oi the weldedor expanded type.

Fourth, to provide such a construction of top chord for metal joistsgenerally.

Fifth, to provide an 'mproved construction of such joist overgirder orinterior supports to enhance the cantilever action of the said joist andget efiective continuous beam action by transmitting tension from theprongs in the top flanges of opposing joist through negative rein- 3tor-cement in the slab over the interior support. Sixth, to provide withsuch top chord member an improved construction of shouldered enga ingprongs for efiective support and anchorage of the nailing stripsimbedded in a concrete slab 3 either parallel or transversely to thejoists.

Seventh, to provide such a construction which lends itself readily tothe use of a removable iormstructure supported from the said joist orteam without other staging.

Eighth, to provide such a joist construction in which buckling, ortwisting of the top chord or member is avoided.

Ninth, to eliminate the necessity for shrinkage or temperature rodsrunning in floor slabs parallel to the joist.

Tenth, to provide in such a joist and. floor structure increasedresistance to deflection and vibration.

Further objects and objects pertaining to de tails and economies o!construction and operation-will appear from to follow.

' Preferred. embodiments of the invention are illustrated in theaccompanying drawin s. in which:

Fig. 1 is a section through a girder and a side elevation of joistsmeeting at-a girder constructed in accordance with my invention, showingthe over-beam tie between the joists, the same being taken on a linecorresponding to line 1-1 improved construction of the top chord of suchsteel joists for uniting with slab and its the detailed description ofFig. 2, the joist being a modified i seam construction.

Fig. 2 is a detail cross sectional view throu one of my improved joistsand floor structures taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, the girder being shownin elevation and partially broken away.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional plan view, showing the overgirdertie means, taken on section line 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a 'view comparable with Fig. 1, be- 55 mg a section on line4-4 of Fig. 5.01 my improved flocr joists with over-beam tieincorporated into a concrete girderor wall structure.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 4, showing a stillfurther modified I or channel beam.

Fig. 6 is a detailed perspective view of one end oi a joist in brokensection, one end being entirely broken away, showing the improvedconstruction of top flange member with the prongs struck up 76 of theappropriate size and frequency to give desired results and resistance toshearing strain and longitudinal bearing, and showing the meth- 0d ofsecuring the expanded metal or riblath slab reinforcing and form to thesaid joist, which so, exemplifies the attachment of such inter-joist orslab support generally.

Fig. 7 is a detailed perspective view oi a portion of the modifiedI-beam showing a narrow flange at the top from which the prongs arestruck up. Fig; 8 is a perspective view of a built-up I-beam with narrowtop flange with the prongs struck Fig. 9 is a similar detail perspectiveview showing a. special form of shouldered prongs for supporting anailing strip in correct position. This is the preferred construction ofprongs.

Fig. 9-A is an enlarged section through the top flange of the joistshown in Fig. 9, showing a profile or the preferred type of prongs.

Fig. 10 shows the invention as applied to a T-=beam,- the prongs beingstruck up from the edge of the web.

Fig. 11 is another form of built-up T-beam with a single flange at thetop from which the prongs are struck up.

Fig. 12 is still another form of a built-up I- or T-beam with the prongsstruck out of a single top flange. 7

Fig. 13 is a special form of built-up T-joist with prong members weldedto the upper edge of the web.

Fig. 1'4 is a general assembly detail view 01' my invention as appliedto welded bar joists showing also the method of supporting nailingstrips and the floor slab 5.

with awelded mesh paper back lath or reinforcement.

Fig. 15 is a detail perspective of a section of the bar joist showingits method of construction with a diflerent kind of prong.

Fig. 16 is another form of the said bar joist showing afidifierent typeof flange section and method of securing the web bars in place.

Fig. 17 is a still further form. showing a builtup structure of anglesbetween the flanges 0 which the web bars are secured.

Fig. 18 is a general detail perspective view with parts broken away toshow details or construction of my invention as applied to an expandedmetal bar joist structure with rod reinforcements and removable "formsfor the floor slabs.

Fig. 19 is a detail perspective view a section of a bar joi t corrugrreinforcing bars with web bars secured therebetween. by welding.

The parts i be identified by their: numerals of reference which are thesame in all the views.

1 is a girder to which my improved floor joists 2, 2 are attached by anysuitable means, flanging and riveting being showing in the drawings, seeFig. 1. The girder of course can be of any depth required. The floorjoists as seen in Fig. 2 in the preferred form are of a special 'I-beamconstruction with. narrow top member 21 in proportion to the bottommember 22, the web 23 being relatively high.

Prongs 3 are struck up from the flange 21 on the opposite sides of theweb 23 in the manner indicated in Figs. 9 and 9-A. The prongs 3 havesharp pointed upper portions 31 and are formed with shoulders 32 forsupporting nailing strips 4 running in any direction and for unitingwith I also notch the prongs at 33 to insure bending in any direction atthat point. The prongs also penetrate the expanded metal or lath orother support 6 and a part of them are bent down onto the same to jointhe said lath reinforcing or other means to the upper flange or memberof the I-beam. In the slab 5 over the girder I insert preferably pairsof tie rods 7, the ends of which are hooked around prongs 3 of theopposite joist to tie the joist ends together and make continuous beamfloor support, thus eliminating floor cracks over the support andutilizing the cantilever principle and thoroughly incorporating theI-beams with the floor slab. Single rods 7 may be used.

The prongs 3 are numerous toward the ends of the beam, as shown in Fig.6, to mogage with the slab to prevent longitudinal shearing and thetendency of the slab to slip endwise on the beam from mid-span. Themiddle portion of the beam requires fewer of the prongs and I haveillustrated this feature particularly Fig. 6 where certain of the prongsare bent over ribs of the rib lath 6, or this may be reinforcing rods ormeans with any metal or fiber form below it.

The same joists may be incorporated with a concrete girder or support ngwall 8 as seen in Fig. 4. The tie rod construction and all other detailsare the same as in Fig. l. I have shown v in Figs. 4 and 5 amodification or" the prongs and the upper chord with but a singleflange, making it L-shaped at the top in place of T-shaped.

The preferred prongs are those appearing in Figs. 9 and 9A. The narrowchisel portion above causes the same to readily penetrate any reinforcedstructure which is being attached thereby and the comparatively slimsharp portion can be readily battered over with a hammer to formreinforcement engaging hooks and additional seats for nailing strips andto blunt the sharp edges after the reinforcing has been put in place.The notches 33 facilitate this bending. Such shouldered structure is nota necessity as is seen by the shape of prongs illustrated in other viewsof the drawings.

In Fig. '7, I show a form comparable to that in Fig. 9 with acomparatively narrow T-fiange at the top with the prong simply pointedand struck up from the edges of the flange.

In Fig. 8, I show a modified T-fiange made up of an angle bar with flatweb spot-welded or otherwise secured thereto, the prongs being struck upintermediate the edges of the top flanges.

Figs. 9 and 9A, as already stated, show a preferred form.

Fig. 18 shows a form in which the prongs are struck. up from the edgeweb of. inverted "f -beam.

11 shows structure in which there is an intermediate web between anglebars, the upper edge being formed into an l. from which the prongs arestruck up.

i Fig. 12 shows a piece of channel bar extended into a T at the bottomby a suitable L-bar secured thereto, the prongs being struck up from thetop flange and forced into substantially vertical relation with the web.

Fig. 13 shows a form similar to that of Fig. 12 in which the prongs arewelded to the top edge of the web, there being no flange at the top atall.

Fig. 14 shows a floor construction with open web bar joist in which thewebs are formed by welding deflected rod in place. The principle ofoperation is the same, the upper chord being the same as the uppermember of the 'T-joist already described, such as is illustrated in Fig.9. (In this structure a woven wire web supporting a paper or fibre sheetmay be used in place of expanded metal.)

Fig. 15 shows a bar joist, the top and bottom chord members, and themethod of welding the web rod in place.

Fig. 16 is a modification in which there are grooves in the top andbottom members which are pinched onto the web bars and also welded orotherwise secured.

Fig. 17 is still anrther form of the bar joist with the wb bars securedbetween L-shaped angle bars at top and bottom forming the same into thegeneral contour of I-beams.

Fig. 18 shows a structure which is like that of Fig. 14 except that thebar joists have webs of expanded metal and in Fig. 18 removable formsare shown supported between the joists which are removed after the floorslab has been formed, leaving concrete shoulders around the top chord.

In Fig. 19 the joist is made up of pairs of corrugated bars and rodsbetween which the web bars are secured by welding or otherwise. The endsof the web bars project up to form the prongs. These prongs may beomitted. This form is then particularly adaptable to the constructionassembly shown in Fig. 18, the deformed top chord providing thenecessary bond and resistance to slipping at the ends of the span.

From this description it is clear that my invention is capable of veryconsiderable modification. I wish to claim especially the particularform of joist as seen in Figs. 9 and 9--A. I also wish to claim thejoist and structure broadly as pointed out in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I lllli claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a suitable girder, of structural metal joistshaving narrow top flanges, prongs struck up from the top flange onopposite sides of the web having sharp end portions and shoulders,nailing strips adapted to reston the said shoulders, reinforcement andslab form of expanded metal disposed on the said flanges and penetratedand anchored by the said prongs, and tie bars disposed over the saidgirders and engaged by prongs of beams on the opposite side thereof, thewhole being incorporated together by a concrete floor slab in such amanner as to utilize the concrete as a compression member in thestructure.

2. The combination with a suitable girder, of structural metal joistshaving narrow top flanges, prongs struck up from the top flange onopposite sides of the web having sharp end portions and shoulders,reinforcement and slab form of expanded metal disposed on the saidflanges and penetrated and anchored by the said prongs, and tie barsdisposed over the said girders and engaged by prongs of beams on theopposite side thereof, the whole being incorporated together by aconcrete floor slab in such a manner as to utilize the concrete as acompression member in the structure.

3. The combination with a suitable girder, of structural metal joists,prongs struck up from the top flange on opposite sides of the web havingsharp end portions and shoulders, reinforcement and slab form ofexpanded metal disposed on the said flanges and penetrated and anchoredby the said prongs, and tie bars disposed over the said girders andengaged by prongs of beams on the opposite side thereof, the whole beingincorporated together by a concrete floor slab in such a manner as toutilize the concrete as a compression'member in the structure.

4. The combination with a suitable girder, of structural metal joists,prongs struck up from the top flange, reinforcement and slab form ofexpanded metal disposed on the said flanges and penetrated and anchoredby the said prongs, and tie bars disposed over the said girders andengaged by prongs of beams on the opposite side thereof, the whole beingincorporated together by a concrete floor slab in such a manner as toutilize the concrete'as a compression member in the structure.

5. In a floor or roof structure, structural metal

